My Photos in a Famous Book

Published / by Jehangir

Berkshire Encyclopedia

The Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History has been described as ‘a masterful title that weaves together social, scientific, anthropological, and geographical influences on world history‘. It is regarded as the definitive work on the subject since the nineteenth century.

Imagine my surprise when I got an email from the publishers asking my permission to use one of my photographs in the latest edition of the encyclopedia. I am understandably chuffed.

Can you guess which photograph they want to include in their article about the Mughal Empire?

Update: The Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History(2nd. Ed.) is out in print. My photograph is on page 1756.

Mystical Mountains and the River Road

Published / by Jehangir

Like the magician of fable whose soul resided elsewhere, I feel my soul wanders the mystical mountains of Kashmir.

Zumurrud kih dawr murassa ba murvaridthe emerald set in pearls – is how one poet described the verdant Kashmir valley surrounded on all sides by snow-covered Himalayan peaks, and one would be hard pressed to find words more appropriate.

I feel a stab of longing every time I gaze at the peaks that ring the valley on all sides. As every visitor to Kashmir knows, that would mean pretty much every upward glance whenever I am outdoors. In younger days, I spent many a late summer wandering these lofty wildernesses and the desire to attain them again is like a physical ache.

With far more eloquence than I can ever hope to achieve, a traveller from a bygone age seems to have somehow divined my memories and put them to paper. Join me as he guides us on a magical journey that he calls the river-road:

the jehlum is a most elusive river, and it comes by a thousand roads – ten thousand, said the ancients. … the merry ripples dancing over the frequent shallows, the lapping of its wavelets against the side of your boat speak a most enchanting language, blotting out all the world you have left behind you and luring you on to follow further the road by which it has come … if you listen to their eager, swift beguiling, they will lead you very far, by ways of exquisite beauty and utter desolation….

….at first, perhaps, you will be led through dewy pasture land, where the pine trees are wreathed with wild climbing roses, whose white and pink blossoms overhang the stream…

….later you will go through the deep "green glooms" of the still fir forests, opening out sometimes into sunny glades, where, over the fallen tree-trunks, breaks a wave of forget-me-nots of the palest blue, and here the stream flashes down in a spray of silver, or lies deep in swirling, jade-green pools, its voice no longer the whisper in which first it breathed the secrets of its distant source, but a triumphant chant of rejoicing, filling the lonely forest and drowning all lesser music….

….it will lead you higher, to where, above the level of the birch trees, lie silver meadows, frosted thick with small white anemones, where the stream flows through rocky gorges, swept always by an icy wind, which adds its voice to the torrent, grown almost too awe-inspiring in these desolate heights for mere human understanding…

….higher still it will lead you, till, under the deep sapphire sky, you stand in a vast snowy silence, where even the voice of the water is hushed. far down under the snow it listens, perhaps, to a music too rare and exquisite for mortal ears, to translate afterwards some syllables of its magic to the world below…

….those who have followed up one of the mountain streams which lead you into the heart of this "abode of snow," will understand how like treachery it would seem to disclose an exact route, to measure and map and lay out marches through all that loveliness which was for you alone, and into which you wandered almost by accident. if your fate is good and you can face the difficulty, you will find for yourself the end of the river-road.

Martand and Achabal

Published / by Jehangir

Its funny how you want your kids to experience memories from your own childhood.

As kids we would often stop at the Mattan temple to feed the catfish en route to Pahalgam. Nowadays Mattan is off the beaten track for revellers rushing to and from Pahalgam.

During a recent trip, we managed to avoid the mother of all traffic jams by travelling to Pahalgam early in the day. On the return trip however everyone seemed to have caught on to the early travel idea so we turned off towards Mattan to avoid the rush. After feeding the fish I decided to take my kids to see Martand – the most famous archaeological site in Kashmir. Martand is just a few kilometres up the plateau from Mattan.

Here is what Sir Walter Lawrence has to say about Martand:

Occupying, undoubtedly, the finest position in Kashmir, this noble ruin is the most striking in size and situation of all the existing remains of Kashmir grandeur….

…..It overlooks the finest view in Kashmir, and perhaps in the known world. Beneath it lies the paradise of the east, with its sacred streams and glens, its orchards and green fields, surrounded on all sides by vast snowy mountains, whose lofty peaks seem to smile upon the beautiful valley below.

The vast extent of the scene makes it sublime ; for this magnificent view of Kashmir is no petty peer in a half-mile glen, but the full display of a valley 60 miles in breadth and upwards of 100 miles in length, the whole of which lies beneath the "ken of the wonderful Martand".

The Valley Of Kashmir – Walter Lawrence

Martand in the 19th century.

Here is an artist's impression of what Martand must have looked like in its heyday.

At the entrance of the perfectly manicured gardens surrounding the ruins was a sign that said 'Achabal 9 kms' so I thought 'why not ?' I am glad that we decided to take the detour to Achabal because the drive is simply superb.

The road passes up and down karewas (plateaus), through emerald fields and fruit-laden orchards to the foothills of the Pir Panjal. There is no sign of the soulless constructions that scar either side of the more touristy highways to Pahalgam or Gulmarg. Just uninterrupted vistas of south Kashmir as far as the eye can see.

Over to our commenter, Sir Walter Lawrence :
Perhaps the most beautiful of all the springs is Achabal, which gushes out of the Sosanwar hill, and was at once enlisted by the emperor Jehangir in the service of beauty and pleasure.

It is said that the Brang river which disappears at Dewalgam in the fissures of the limestone is the real source of the Achibal spring*.

Certainly Achabal has the most impressive fountains of all the Mughal gardens of Kashmir and the water itself is sweet and wholesome, though Kokernag is reputed to have the best tasting water in the valley. Sadly a trip to Kokernag could not materialise due to time constraints.

"Here is another spring called Kokarnag, whose water satisfies both hunger and thirst, and it is also a remedy for indigestion"
Ain Akbari – Abul Fazl

Inshallah our next trip will include Kokernag , Verinag and Daksum , all of which evoke pleasant childhood memories.

Watch this space.
Jehangir

*Scientific studies (Tracer testing) conducted in 2013 confirmed the source of Achabal to be underground currents from the Bringi stream at Dewalgam and Adigam.
(DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-39259-2_17)